# Research background: what is actually in this literature **URL:** https://www.gavau.lt/en/pages/moksliniai-tyrimai --- biotech The manufacturer's archive holds a large body of study reports and papers read at international congresses. This page describes that literature as literature: which documents exist, who produced them, when and where they were presented, how many people took part and what was measured. We deliberately do not retell the findings, and we do not tie any of it to any product we sell. This is an overview of a body of writing, not a statement about what a food supplement does. In this article arrow_forwardWhat the collection consists of arrow_forwardWhere this line of research came from arrow_forwardCongresses, dates and venues arrow_forwardHow the studies were set up arrow_forwardWhat this literature cannot be used for arrow_forwardWhat this page is and what it is not arrow_forwardHow to check for yourself menu_book What the collection consists of We are talking about specific, countable documents rather than an unspecified appeal to “science”. The largest is the manufacturer's collection of clinical study reports on peptide bioregulators of the cytomax and cytogen classes: 125 pages and 27 separate reports, one for each substance studied. The introduction divides those substances into two groups — 21 of natural origin and 6 synthesised. All 27 reports follow the same template: a description of the substance studied, the place and period of the study, the characteristics of the participants, the methods used, a results section, a conclusion, usage recommendations and a separate reference list citing monographs, dissertations and Russian-language scientific journals. The second document is a 25-page collection of abstracts of papers read at international congresses, covering the years 2011 to 2022. It records the dates, the cities, the names of the events and the authors. The third part consists of the company's press kits, catalogues and popular-science publications. Those are not studies; they are an account of studies. On this page we draw on them only for factual detail: dates, positions held, lists of events. science Where this line of research came from It began in military medicine rather than in a marketplace. The publication “Peptides — a Territory of Health” recounts that in the 1970s a group of Soviet military immunologists led by V. G. Morozov and V. Kh. Khavinson studied how the body adapts to extreme conditions — irregular sleep, climatic factors, radiation, changes in pressure. The theory of peptide bioregulation grew out of that work later on. It is associated with one particular institution: the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, founded in 1992 on the initiative of Prof. Vladimir Khavinson (1946–2024). The manufacturer's press kit describes the institute as a research centre of international standing, and describes Khavinson as the company's chief scientific adviser, director of the institute, president of the European branch of the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (IAGG) from 2011 to 2015, chief gerontologist of the St. Petersburg health committee and a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The institute states that over more than three decades it has published upwards of 800 scientific papers and been granted over 200 patents. Those are the institute's own figures; they do not appear in this collection of documents and we have not verified them independently. The field this school works in is gerontology and geriatrics: the study of ageing as a biological phenomenon and the care of older people. Alongside it sit peptide chemistry and molecular biology. The commercial side is younger than the scientific one: the company Peptides was founded in 2010, and in December 2019 an agreement was signed making it the institute's exclusive representative. schedule Congresses, dates and venues The abstract collection and the press kit list the congresses of the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (IAGG) at which representatives of the institute and the company presented papers. Below is what the documents record: the event, the date, the place, the authors. We do not reproduce the titles of the papers here. They are phrased in the way customary in Russian medical writing, and in a European Union context they would read as statements about illnesses. What can be checked independently, and promises nothing, is the participation itself, its date and its place. IAGG congress in St. Petersburg, 2007 — recorded only in the press kit. VII European IAGG Congress, 14–17 April 2011, Bologna, Italy. The abstract states that the event brought together more than 1,700 scientists from 77 countries. Authors: D. A. Gorgiladze, R. N. Pinaev, G. A. Ryzhak. XX World IAGG Congress, 23–27 June 2013, Seoul, South Korea. Authors: D. A. Gorgiladze, R. N. Pinaev, V. A. Aleksandrov. VIII European IAGG Congress, Dublin, Ireland. On page 14 of the abstract collection this event is printed on a single spread together with the XXI World Congress: two dates (23–26 April 2015 and 23–27 July 2017) and two cities appear there, but the source does not pair them with each other. Authors: D. A. Gorgiladze, R. N. Pinaev, V. A. Aleksandrov. XXI World IAGG Congress, San Francisco, USA. The press kit places San Francisco in 2017, and the abstract text refers to the IAGG World Congress of 2017; the exact days come from that same page 14 spread, so assigning them to this event is our own inference rather than a statement in the source. The abstract notes participants from 75 countries. IX European IAGG Congress, 23–25 May 2019, Gothenburg, Sweden. Authors: D. A. Gorgiladze, R. N. Pinaev, V. A. Aleksandrov. XXII World IAGG Congress, 12–16 June 2022, Buenos Aires, Argentina; held online. Authors: D. A. Gorgiladze, V. V. Kalendzhyan, V. A. Aleksandrov, R. N. Pinaev. biotech How the studies were set up The studies in the report collection were carried out at a single centre: the medical centre of the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. There are two periods: 2005–2006 and 2011. The reports are signed by the centre's chief physician O. U. Raigorodsky and by A. A. Veretenko, deputy director for clinical work, and the title page of each carries the approval of Prof. V. Kh. Khavinson as director of the institute's medical centre. The groups are small. Most reports involve roughly twenty to fifty people, divided into a main group and a control group, with the control group receiving only the conventional therapy of the day. Participant ages across the reports run from about 35 to about 77. The work presented at congresses is larger in scale: groups of between 105 and 1,249 participants, carried out between 2011 and 2018 at a centre operating in Moscow. Ages in most cases run from 34 to 65. In one of those studies the control group received a placebo; in the others it did not. What was measured? The documents list the ordinary instruments of a clinical study: general and biochemical blood tests, hormone concentrations in blood, ultrasonography, infrared thermography, functional physical tests and questionnaires recording what participants reported. That is a list of methods, not of outcomes. Every report does contain a results section, and we have read it. Why we do not retell it is the subject of the next two sections. checklist What this literature cannot be used for An honest overview has to say where this body of documents is weak. What follows is not criticism of the manufacturer; it is simply what the documents show. The studies in the report collection were run at one institution by people from the same scientific school. There is no independent replication in other countries or other clinics anywhere in these documents. The groups are small, and the control group usually received conventional therapy rather than a placebo. In a design of that kind the effect of expectation cannot be separated out. Congress abstracts are not peer-reviewed papers. Acceptance of an abstract means the organisers put the paper on the programme, not that the findings were checked. The primary literature was written in Russian for a market where these substances hold a different legal status. In the European Union they are food supplements, and that is not the same regulatory context. The documents assert more than once that the substances studied produce no unwanted effects. We do not carry wording of that sort across to a food supplement: an absolute statement about safety is itself a statement a food supplement is not entitled to make. There is no authorised health claim for peptide bioregulators in the European Union register of health claims. We therefore make no such claim. verified_user What this page is and what it is not This page is a bibliographic overview. It sets out which research documents exist, who produced them, when and where they were presented, and what methods were used. This page is not a statement about the products we sell. None of the studies mentioned here is tied to a particular preparation, brand or pack in our catalogue, and we make no such connection even indirectly. That a study exists is not evidence that a food supplement does anything. You will not find findings here, and that is deliberate. The reports do contain conclusions and figures, but retelling them on a page that sells food supplements would amount to making a health claim, which is not permitted in the European Union — Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 sets that out. We sell food supplements. They are not medicines, and no part of this page is medical advice. Food supplement. A food supplement is not a substitute for medicine and is not intended to diagnose, treat or prevent any disease. Do not exceed the recommended daily dose. A food supplement should not be used as a substitute for a varied and balanced diet. Keep out of the reach of children. If pregnant, breastfeeding or taking medication, consult your doctor or pharmacist. arrow_forward How to check for yourself We are not asking you to take our word for it. Everything set down on this page is checkable: dates, places, names, the size of the documents. A page like this will never say as much as one might wish. But it is better to say less and be exact than to say more and have to withdraw it later. IAGG congress programmes and abstract books are published openly — you can check there whether a given paper appeared on the programme. Papers by Prof. V. Khavinson and his co-authors can be found in international bibliographic databases such as PubMed and judged for yourself. The report collections and press kits are published by the manufacturer itself. They are its own material, prepared for a different market and a different legal context, so they are no substitute for independent checking — congress programmes and bibliographic databases are the sounder ground. If you have health questions or take medication, decide what is right for you with a doctor or pharmacist, not with a shop. auto_awesome Not sure where to start? The Peptide compass asks a few questions and suggests what is worth considering. Open the Peptide compassarrow_forward Sources and notes brochure_clinical_researches_citomaxes_citogens_english_updated.pdf p1brochure_clinical_researches_citomaxes_citogens_english_updated.pdf p2brochure_clinical_researches_citomaxes_citogens_english_updated.pdf p3brochure_clinical_researches_citomaxes_citogens_english_updated.pdf p4brochure_clinical_researches_citomaxes_citogens_english_updated.pdf p5brochure_clinical_researches_citomaxes_citogens_english_updated.pdf p31brochure_clinical_researches_citomaxes_citogens_english_updated.pdf p32brochure_clinical_researches_citomaxes_citogens_english_updated.pdf p100brochure_clinical_researches_citomaxes_citogens_english_updated.pdf p101brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p2brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p3brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p4brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p6brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p7brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p8brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p11brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p14brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p15brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p16brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p19brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p21brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p23brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p24brochure_abstracts_peptides_reports_international_congresses_en.pdf p25press-kit-eu-web.pdf p2press-kit-eu-web.pdf p3press-kit_peptides_en.pdf p2peptides_territoriya_zdorov_ya.pdf p33 Food supplement. A food supplement is not a substitute for medicine and is not intended to diagnose, treat or prevent any disease. Do not exceed the recommended daily dose. A food supplement should not be used as a substitute for a varied and balanced diet. Keep out of the reach of children. If pregnant, breastfeeding or taking medication, consult your doctor or pharmacist. --- *Markdown version of https://www.gavau.lt/en/pages/moksliniai-tyrimai.*